1. With the money Texas received for selling land to the US, it paid off debts.
2. The new settlers coming to Texas caused problems for the Native Americans, because the settlers killed the buffalo that the Native Americans needed for food.
3. Most of the settlers coming to Texas used their land for agriculture (farming).
4. In a free enterprise system, producers and consumers have the right to make choices.
5. An example of the free enterprise system would be a farmer shopping around for the least expensive mule.
6. The settlers brought the enslaved African Americans toTexas because they had to work on farms and plantations.
7. Most enslaved African Americans worked as field labors.
8. The plantation owners grew wealthy in the 1850's because a lot of cotton was being sold in Europe.
9. Because the plantation owners were successful, more slaves were needed.
10. "States' Rights" means the individual states can reject laws with which they disagree.
11. The people in the North thought that everyone should obey the same laws.
12. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected Presdient of the United States.
13. In Texas, the purpose of the blockades of the ports in the Gulf of Mexico during the Civil War was to stop ships from entering or leaving.
14. The Civil War ended when General Robert E.Lee surrendered to General Ulysses Grant.
15. In Texas, after the Civil War ended, African Americans learned they were free.
16. Life in Texas during Reconstruction years was difficult for almost everyone.
17. During Reconstruction, many Texas farmers had to learn how to grow crops without slave labor.
18. The Freemen's Bureau did the following (know all three):
a.it helped African Americans find new homes
b. it opened many schools for African Americans.
c. it assisted African Americans in getting jobs
19. The Civil War began on Aril 12, 1861 when Confederate cannons fired on Ft. Sumter.
20. The President of the United States in 1861 was Abraham Lincoln.
21. Jefferson Davis was the President of the Confederate States of America in 1861.
22. Texas fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War.
23. Over 600,000 American soldiers died during the Civil War.
24. When the war ended, slavery was abolished.
25. Today, many African Americans in Texas and across the U.S.A. celebrate "Juneteeth" as a day of freedom.

1. The Plains Indians raided the Anglo American settlements in Texas because they were trying to get their land back.
2. Three reasons the Plains Indians were upset when the soldiers and buffalo hunters killed so many buffalo were (know all 3):
a. they depended on the buffalo for many of their needs
b. they had traded buffalo hides for tools and supplies
c. they respected the buffalo
3. The Red River War was know as the "Wrinkled hand chase" to the Plains Indians because the damp, cold autumn made their hands look wrinkled.
4. Spanish explorers first brought cattle to Texas.
5. The ranchers liked the open range because their cattle could eat lots of grass at no cost.
6. The cowhands who rode back and forth along the borders of a ranch were called line riders.
7. Three statements that apply to the cowhands in the late 1800s were (know all three):
a. many were African American, Native Americans, or Hispanic.
b. they kept the cattle from straying
c. they branded the calves after roundup
8. Trailblazers like Jesse Chisholm and Charles Goodnight contributed to the cattle industry because they created trails for getting cattle to market.
9. Spanish cattle herders (cowboys) were called vaqueros.
10. Barbed wire helped ranchers keep their cattle from wandering.
11. The first woman to drive cattle to market was Margaret Bourland.
12. The lumber industry was helped when the railroad were built through forests.
13. Texas businesses grew during the railroad boom because goods could be transported more easily.
14. Railroads taught farmers better ways to farm.
15. The locomotive became a symbol of change.
16. Trains carried Texas crops to faraway places.
17. The population of Texas increased because of the railroad.
18. Many Texas towns were built 30 miles apart because the railroad crews drilled water wells wvery 30 miles to supply water for the steam engine.
19. Galveston was an important railroad connection for Texas businesses because it was a Gulf Coast port.
20. By 1900, every major city in Texas had a population of at least 10,000.
21. The people of Clarendon moved their houses more than 5 miles in 1887 because they wanted to be nearer a busy railroad route.
22. African American soldiers, famous for their strength, courage, and skill, were called Buffalo Soldiers by the Plains Indians.
23. In June 1875, the last great Comanche chief, Quannah Parker, surrendered to the United States army.
24. The cattle drive was how many Texas ranchers got their cattle to th Northern markets after the Civil War.
25. Cattle drives came to an end with the invention of barbed wire and the coming of the railroad to Texas.

1. During the Mexican Revolution, two groups of Mexicans fought against each other.
2. Jovita Idar spoke out for Tejano rights by writing newspaper articles.
3. The United States entered W.W.I. because German submarines attacked merchant ships.
4. Many women in Texas took jobs in the factories during W.W.I. (and WWII) because they needed to replace the men who went to war.
5. Many Texans responded to a food shortage during WWI by growing their own vegetables.
6. The first woman elected to a statewide office in Texas was Annie Webb Blanton.
7. The following are results of the business boom between 1920 and 1929 (know all three):
a. more jobs were created
b. new highways were paved
c. many people bought homes
8. The main reason Texas oil companies built more refineries during the Roaring Twenties was people needed more gasoline.
9. Miriam "Ma" Ferguson was the first female Texan to be elected governor of Texas.
10. Miriam Ferguson spoke out against the Klu Klux Klan.
11. The "Jazz Age" was named for a type of music.
12. The term "flapper" is a Jazz Age term that describes a type of clothing.
13. During the "Great Depression" the following happened (know all three):
a. many companies went out of business
b. some people lost all their savings
c. many families lost their homes
14. The Dust Bowl was in parts of Texas and the Great Plains.
15. Much of the soil was thin and dry during the Dust Bowl because farmers had not enriched it.
16. The main reason President Roosevelt created the "New Deal" was to help the country recover from the Great Depression.
17. Texans Cleto Rodriguez and Audie Murphy are alike in that they both won the Nation's highest military award.
18. The following Texas artists are famous for their writings (know all 3):
a. J.Frank Dobie
b. Katherine Ann Porter
c. J. Mason Brewer
19. In 1917, the United States entered World War I on the side of France, Great Britain, Italy, and Russia.
20. The first female governor of Texas, elected in 1924, was Miriam "Ma" Ferguson.
21. In 1929, the stock market crash sent the United States into the "Great Depression".
22. In 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President of the United States. He created the program called "the New Deal", which created new jobs during the depression.
23. On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes attached Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
24. The United States fought with Great Britain, France, and Russia against Japan, Italy, and Germany during World War II.